Purdy et al (2025) Effective School Leadership in Disadvantaged Communities

Abstract

This small-scale study, funded by the James Kane Foundation and the Mary Ann McCracken Foundation set out to explore the characteristics of effective leadership in post-primary schools located in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas of Northern Ireland, and to explore the following key research objectives:

• To discern the key features of 13 high performing post-primary schools with over 50% of pupils entitled to Free School Meals (FSME).
• To critically explore the motivation, values, support structures, and personal and professional characteristics of the school leaders in these schools.
• To draw lessons and offer insights for new and aspiring leaders working in similarly challenging contexts.

From the analysis of the 2018/19 statistical information for the 13 schools in this study, it can be concluded that although the schools share the defining characteristics of high disadvantage (FSME >50%) and better-than-expected academic performance, they are far from homogeneous. The wide variation in SEN levels, ethnic diversity, staffing ratios and 3

particularly suspension rates highlights the importance of understanding local context and avoiding a ‘one size fits all’ approach to policy and practice in disadvantaged school settings. Furthermore, this diversity reinforces the value of school leadership that is attuned to context, responsive to pupil need and flexible in its approach.

Drawing on insights from the thematic analysis of the 13 interviews and in light of the review of the national and international research literature, five core themes emerged that collectively provide insight into what constitutes effective, sustainable and values-led school leadership in these contexts. These themes (Clarity of Vision, Championing Children, Connection, Character, and Continuation) underscore the human-centred and mission-driven nature of leadership in schools working to raise attainment and support holistic pupil development against a backdrop of significant structural challenges.